Environmental cues determine the fate of astrocytes after spinal cord injury
Reactive astrogliosis occurs after central nervous system (CNS) injuries whereby resident astrocytes form rapid responses along a graded continuum.Following CNS lesions, na(i)ve astrocytes are converted into reactive astrocytes and eventually into scar-forming astrocytes that block axon regeneration and neural repair.It has been known for decades that scarring development and its related extracellular matrix molecules interfere with regeneration of injured axons after CNS injury, but the cellular and molecular mechanisms for controlling astrocytic scar formation and maintenance are not well known.Recent use of various genetic tools has made tremendous progress in better understanding genesis of reactive astrogliosis.Especially, the latest experiments demonstrate environment-dependent plasticity of reactive astrogliosis because reactive astrocytes isolated from injured spinal cord form scarring astrocytes when transplanted into injured spinal cord, but revert in retrograde to naive astrocytes when transplanted into naive spinal cord.The interactions between upregulated type Ⅰ collagen and its receptor integrin β1 and the N-cadherin-mediated cell adhesion appear to play major roles for local astrogliosis around the lesion.This review centers on the environment-dependent plasticity of reactive astrogliosis after spinal cord injury and its potential as a therapeutic target.
astrogliosis astrocyte fate scar formation spinal cord injury axon regeneration environment cue collagen Ⅰ integrin β1
Fatima M.Nathan Shuxin Li
Shriners Hospitals Pediatric Research Center, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University,Philadelphia, PA, USA
国际会议
广州
英文
101-107
2018-07-26（万方平台首次上网日期，不代表论文的发表时间）