Surrogate Models for Bottleneck Scenarios
Microscopic models for crowd dynamics often make extensive use of computational resources during simulation.This prohibits exhaustive parameter variations and parameter space searches needed for numerical analysis.On the practitioners side, safety engineers are unable to run fast on-site simulations when faced with an immediate need for a decision, for example in an evacuation situation.In this case, and when no accurate macroscopic description is available, surrogate models can be a helpful tool.Surrogate models extract the most important features of a computationally intensive model from data produced by that model.The surrogate thus forms a specific version of the original model, which in this case is much faster to simulate.The increase in speed, often by several orders of magnitude, is achieved by focusing the area of application, such as a specific scenario or only a few parameters out of many.Here, we compute a surrogate model for crowd dynamics in a bottleneck scenario.The computation uses time-delay embedding of density and velocity profiles to reconstruct the attractor of the system.We then employ diffusion maps to obtain a low-dimensional, non-linear parametrization of the attractor as well as the dynamic on it.The parametrization constitutes the model variables of the surrogate.Given three parameters of the bottleneck, we are able to reconstruct the density and velocity evolution over time, using an intrinsically three-dimensional surrogate model.The computations are performed with and compared to two different microscopic models, as well as to experimental data of the same bottleneck.Simulation times of the surrogate are three orders of magnitude lower than the microscopic original.
Surrogate model Crowd dynamics Bottleneck Principal component analysis Diffusion maps
Felix Dietrich Florian Albrecht Gerta K(o)ster
Munich University of Applied Sciences, Lothstr.64, 80333 Munich, Germany;Technical University of Mun Munich University of Applied Sciences, Lothstr.64, 80333 Munich, Germany
国际会议
The 8th International Conference on Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics (第八届行人与疏散动力学国际学术会议)
合肥
英文
298-305
2016-10-17（万方平台首次上网日期，不代表论文的发表时间）