Generic Description of the Pedestrian Fundamental Diagram
For the design of pedestrian facilities, as well as several other applications, an accurate description of the pedestrian flow and capacity expressed in the fundamental diagram is needed.Up to now, pedestrian fundamental diagrams are based on direct measurements of speed, flow and density in various situations.Still, the fundamental diagrams proposed in literature show considerable differences, mainly due to variations in the setting they were measured in.However, it is up to now not possible to describe this influences in a way that a situation specific fundamental diagram can be produced without prior measurements.But as the differences between the pedestrian fundamental diagrams are considerable and measurements cannot be done for all situations needed, a new approach for the generation of pedestrian fundamental diagrams is needed.This paper addresses this issue by introducing a generic approach to the fundamental diagram.Using existing knowledge about the basic microscopic characteristics of human walking and the interaction among pedestrians, a model is elaborated which shall be capable to provide an appropriate fundamental diagram for any specific situation.The model approach aims at enabling to study effects of different pedestrian characteristics or facility properties on the fundamental diagram and hence on the pedestrian flow and capacity.For this reason, a detailed definition for the pedestrian fundamental diagram is discussed which will be used in this paper to specify an ideal fundamental diagram independent from undesired influences of data collection methods.Based on this, the limits to the fundamental diagram based on the properties of human walking are discussed.Afterwards, the generic model approach is presented.Starting from the biomechanical properties of walking, a single pedestrian is modelled.While adding the interaction with other pedestrians, from single file movement to unidirectional flow expressed in the fundamental diagram, the complexity of the model is increased.
Generic description Fundamental diagram Walking speed Human walking Unidirectional flow
Ernst Bosina Ulrich Weidmann
Institute for Transport Planning and Systems (IVT), ETH Zurich Stefano-Franscini-Platz 5, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
国际会议
The 8th International Conference on Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics (第八届行人与疏散动力学国际学术会议)
合肥
英文
548-555
2016-10-17（万方平台首次上网日期，不代表论文的发表时间）