Findings about horizontal ground movements on basis of GPS-measurements in german hard coal mining
Statistical damage analysisof the German Hard coal Company RAG AG confirm that horizontal ground movements cause far more damage costs compared to pure subsidence.Therefore it is the aim of this study to describe the horizontal component of ground movements.It should be checked how the horizontal, vertical and thus spatial movement of the ground points in detail.GPS Measurements are available for the present work.This measurement technique with the special version of theDifferential GPS (DGPS) was taken above two panels of two hard coal mines in a time distance of about four weeks between1995 and 2000.It is evident that the horizontal movements of the measuring points change their direction continuously.At any time all measuring points have the same destination point of their horizontal movements, which is called the focal point of impact, which changes its position continuously.A qualitative dependence of the position of the focal point of impact referring to the panel focus and the panel speed is proved.Comparisons between high panel speed and low speed show that the focal point of impact is located more behind the panel focus than at lower speed.So it is confirmed by measurements that the change of the panel speed brings additional dynamics in the process of horizontal movements (stop-and-go effect).This can cause additional damages to buildings.Following conclusions can be drawn from the investigations: To avoid additional mining damages an attempt should be to keep constant the speed of the panel and to minimize interruption phase (continuous operation).
subsidence monitoring differential GPS-measurements horizontal movements focal point of impact panel speed
Michael Hegemann
University of Applied Science Georg Agricola, Bochum, Germany
国际会议
The 34th International Conference on Ground Control in Mining (ICGCM) 2015(34届国际采矿岩层控制会议)
焦作
英文
248-254
2015-10-17（万方平台首次上网日期，不代表论文的发表时间）