Investigation on the Major Parasitic Disease in Tianzhu Yak of China
The aim of this work is to identify the major parasitic diseases of yak in Tianzhu county of China, to analyze the inadequacy in prevention and control measures, and discuss the development direction of animal drug for prevention and control in parasite disease in Tianzhu yaks.The survey was conducted from 2011 to 2013, one slaughterhouse and four major yak production areas in Tianzhu County were selected, 10 villages and 20 random selected yak herds were investigated.Field investigation and comprehensive clinical diagnosis in village (made questionnaire survey with herdsmen and take notes in detail about investigated yaks, including clinical symptom, prevailing features and rule, medicine treatment, deworming plan, prevention and treatment measure);Slaughtering quarantine (visual inspection, touch check and pathogenic diagnosis);The definite diagnosis was made relying on necropsy pathological changes, stool examination (flotation method, direct smear method and sedimentation method) were used in the identification of helminth eggs, fecal culture and isolation of larvae used to identify the larvae in feces;Statistical analysis of parasite disease information (count clinical cases from veterinary stations of village, and parasite disease records from animal husbandry and veterinary station of county).Yaks in Tianzhu area still remains grazing type year-round, the grassland shared with other animals, and most of parasite diseases in pasturing area spread through animal fecal, so the diseases spread easily among varied livestock.The periodic deworming plan was often neglected by local herdsmen, so it was difficult to carry out prevention and control measure for yak parasite diseases, which lead to the prevalence of yak parasite diseases every year.In this survey more than six major parasitic diseases were found commonly in Tianzhu yaks.Yak gastrointestinal nematodiasis, echinococcosis (hydatidosis disease), coenurosis, fasciolosis hepatic, coccidiosis and hypodermosis were major parasitic diseases infected Tianzhu yaks, which often had higher incidence rate in yaks herds and distributed widely in Tianzhu area.Most of cases were mixed infection, invasion of parasites often caused growth stagnation, anemia, intractable diarrhea, lacking of nutrition and finally lead to function failure and death in yaks, so the parasitic diseases was the most serious and harmful disease and caused great loss in local yak industry.Furthermore, the herdsmen lack of knowledge and awareness of the prevention of yak parasite diseases.The knowledge about the importance of disinfection and methods was still poor in herdsman, and the preventative deworming was not conducted on schedule for yak and herding dog, which often caused cycling infection of parasite diseases.For cases of internal parasites infection, Albendazole was selected firstly by oral intake with dosage of 5-15mg/kg body weight in spring and autumn season, or by subcutaneous injection of Ivermectin with dosage of 200ug/kg body weight, and had harmless treatment to feces after deworming plan so as to control the infection source.For external parasites, the deworming drug used in the prevention and treatment were the Fenthion, Trichlorfon and Abamectin by immersion method and medicated bath in summer annually.The control of yak parasitosis needs comprehensive prevention and treatment measures.Firstly, measures should be taken to reduce the infection chances by rotation grazing mode and grazing sanitation, and to have good dietary hygiene for yaks;secondly,measures should be taken to stamp out wild dog in pasturing area and to have good environment sanitation and excrement management after deworming for killing intermediate hosts and vectors.Moreover, it is absolutely essential to develop the special tools and medical instruments used in yaks.Researches should be conducted on the new pharmaceutical compositions which had effective function in the prevention of yak parasite diseases, and new dosage forms suitable for the yaks such as pour-on solution, inunction and aerosol.All these should be the development direction of animal drug for the prevention and controlling of yak parasite diseases.
Yak parasite disease prevention and treatment deworming animal drug
Wang Ling Wang Shufang Wei Xiaojuan Yang Feng Niu Jianrong Wei Bingcheng
Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project, Gansu Province;Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Tianzhu Animal Disease Control and Prevention Center, Tianzhu, 733200, China Zhangye Animal Disease Control and Prevention Center, Zhangye, 734000, China
国际会议
The 5th International Conference on Yak(第五届国际耗牛大会)
兰州
英文
258-264
2014-08-27（万方平台首次上网日期，不代表论文的发表时间）