Ecologic Improvement of Rice Value Chain in Mountainous Area
Rice is a primary source of food for billions of people, and ranks second to wheat in terms of area and production.Rice straw/husk is a typical agricultural waste from rice milling.On average, 50% and 20% of the rice is straw and husk respectively, giving an annual total production of 120 million tonnes in Asia.Currently, in China, straw/husks are dumped open piles.This treatment of rice straw/husk presents severe environmental problems, in terms of pollution from rice straw/husk decomposition and/or from burning.This situation suggested the opportunity of conceiving a solution for two problems: 1) reducing the pollution from straw/husks disposal and 2) treating rice straw/husk as a resource for energy.Indeed, through direct combustion or through a methane digestive process, it is possible to utilize it as a resource.The concept of generating energy from rice straw/husk has great potential, particularly in those countries that are primarily dependent on imported oil for their energy needs.Rice straw/husks are one of the largest readily available but most under-utilized biomass resources, being an ideal fuel for electricity and thermal energy generation.Such ecological improvement of rice value chain promotes the extension of terracing for paddy rice field in mountainous area to reduce landslide risk.Thus, one of the purposes of this paper is related to the study of the strategies and operational procedures to manage rice husk in order to reduce pollution, give best practice examples to farmers, millers and rice companies, encourage social responsibility.Simultaneously, specific combustion device features will be identified, provided that the high ash content of rice husks and the characteristics of the ash impose restrictions on the design of combustion systems.It is also important to underline that burning rice straw/husk will produce a surplus of thermal energy exploitable in various ways, in example drying the sludges coming from industrial and civil discharges or using that to reduce fossil fuel consumption.The potential benefits generated from this study may suggest implementation of environmental policy and law also at a national government level.
rice straw/husk burning pollution reduction new energy sources mountainous area
Massimiliano M.Schiraldi Chengzhi Cai
Department of Enterprise Engineering, Tor Vergata University of Rome, Rome,Italy Institute of Economic Research, Guizhou University of Finance and Economics,Guiyang, China
国际会议
World Landslide Forum 3(第三届世界滑坡论坛)
北京
英文
140-142
2014-06-02（万方平台首次上网日期，不代表论文的发表时间）