Causes of Variation Orders in Construction of Hydropower Projects of Pakistan
The occurrence of variation orders in construction industry is a regular trend all over the world which is caused by number of factors.The Hydropower projects are no exception to such variation orders.It is difficult to find a Hydropower project in Pakistan not experiencing variation order.Construction Industry in Pakistan is transforming itself into a very well organized and scientifically managed industry over the past one decade.Given the fact that the industry is in transformation phase in Pakistan,it still contributes significantly to the economy of the country.It is observed that Construction Management issues related to mega projects such as Hydropower Projects,still need to be addressed.The current research investigates the causes of variation orders in Hydropower Projects and identifies the factors that significantly contribute towards the deformation of triple constraint(Cost,Scope and Time)of Construction Projects.The present research has been carried out on fifteen(15)Hydropower Projects in Pakistan,which have been completed in last 10 years or are in execution phase of construction.Survey questionnaires were created to collect data from all project stakeholders comprising of clients,consultants and contractors.In addition,these projects were physically visited and Project Management Documents related to all phases were reviewed.Twenty causes leading to variation orders have been identified and ranked using the relative importance index(RII).Analysis has been carried out on twenty main factors leading to variation orders.Results demonstrate that the Change of scope,Errors & Omissions in Design,Change in Design,Change of Project Schedule and Conflicts between Contract Documents were among the leading contributing factors leading to Variation Orders.Based on the lessons learnt after conclusion of such projects around the world and experience of managers at all levels associated to Hydropower Projects,this study also recommends measures to curb the causes of Variation Orders in order to optimize the construction process.
HASHIM HANIF MUHAMMAD BILAL KHURSHID SOHAIL MALIK SHAZIA NAUMAN
Military College of Engineering,National University of Sciences and Technology(NUST),Risalpur Campus Air University,Directorate of Studies,Risalpur Campus.KPK,Pakistan-24080
国际会议
2014 International Conference on Management and Engineering(CME 2014)(2014管理与工程国际会议)
上海
英文
1-7
2014-05-24（万方平台首次上网日期，不代表论文的发表时间）