A NEW APPARATUS TO EVALUATE TURFGRASS DIVOT RESISTANCE
Divots are generated when the impact force generated by a golf club or cleated footwear is greater than the shear strength of a turf.Researchers investigating turfgrass divot resistance would benefit from an instrument that could be configured to generate divots using varying but consistent impact energy levels.An instrument,termed DIVOT,was developed to evaluate turfgrass divot resistance.The apparatus consisted of a structural frame,a pendulum-based reinforced shaft,a leveling system to position the golf club head in relation to the turf surface,and removable ballast masses to vary impact energy during testing.In this study DIVOT was able to generate repeatable measurements of Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) divot resistance.Divots generated using 683 J of impact energy were longer (31.7 cm) than those created with 434 J (24.7 cm).Similarly,divot length,width,and volume were greater for turf established on an engineered high sand rootzone compared to silt-loam.Increases in standard error using 683 J of impact energy suggested that 434 J was sufficient for evaluating Kentucky bluegrass divot resistance.Future research should use DIVOT to evaluate the divot resistance of other turfgrass species along with other surface conditions and explore modifications that allow the instrument to generate divots using cleated footwear rather than a golf club.
athletic field, divoting golf course, impact, shear, turf
J.T. Brosnan W.E. Hart A.W. Thoms J.R. Sarten
Department ofPlant Sciences,University of Tennessee,Knoxville,TN37996 USA Department of BiosystemsEngineering and Soil Science. University of Tennessee,Knoxville,TN 37996 USA University ofTennessee Institute of Agriculture,Knoxville,TN 37996 USA
国际会议
The 12th International Turfgrass Research Conference(第十二届国际草坪学术大会)
北京
英文
619-624
2013-07-14（万方平台首次上网日期，不代表论文的发表时间）