Understanding Backspatter due to Skull Fracture from a Ballistic Projectile
In forensics,a challenge arises from relating observed evidence to the actual events.Specifically,in cranial wounds resulting from a gunshot,the study of backspatter patterns (material propagated opposite to the direction of the projectile) can provide information about the cause by linking material to the firearm,shooter or surrounding objects.Firstly,this study investigates the physics during backspatter from a high speed projectile impact by evaluating two skull simulant materials.Secondly,we evaluate the suitability of a mesh-free method called Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) to model the fracturing and splashing mechanism during backspatter.The study has shown that projectile impact causes fragmentation of material at the impact site,whilst transferring momentum to fragmented particles.The particles travel along the path of least resistance,leading to partial material movement in the reverse direction of the projectile causing backspatter.The amount of backspatter depends on the strain limit of each material and how rapidly the bullet hole closes.The path of resistance is dependent on the constitutive properties of the materials.MDF was found to be a better simulant for a human skull than polycarbonate as demonstrated by the backspatter pattern.SPH was a suitable numerical method for modeling the high speed impact fracture,fragmentation during backspatter.The simulation predictions agreed well to the experimental data of medium density fiberboard (MDF).
Backspatter cranial injury skull simulant impact SPH
Raj Das Justin Fernandez Alistair Collins Anurag Verma Michael Taylor
Department of Mechanical Engineering,University of Auckland,Auckland 1010,New Zealand Auckland Bioengineering Institute,University of Auckland,Auckland 1010,New Zealand Institute of Environmental Science and Research(ESR),Christchurch 8041,New Zealand
国际会议
北京
英文
1-10
2013-06-16（万方平台首次上网日期，不代表论文的发表时间）