Optimized nutrition in dairy cattle:can systems physiology help?
The study of the biology of any complex vertebrate organism unavoidably requires a systems physiology approach,i.e.a way to systematically investigate the complex interactions in the organism using a method of integration instead of reduction.This is even more important considering the complexity of mammalian species,and particularly cattle.Important goals of systems physiology research are to uncover the underlying links (pathways,regulatory networks,and structural organization) within (e.g.mammary gland,adipose,liver) and between tissues (e.g.adipose and liver; liver and mammary gland),and also to discover new emergent properties that may arise from examining the interactions between all components that make up the animal system.Genome sequencing efforts and technological advances suitable for measuring the cellular transcriptome,microRNAome,and metabolome with reasonable accuracy are important components of modem systems approaches.Biological information within those large datasets can be extracted through suitable bioinformatics tools.The continuous scientific,technological,and bioinformatics improvements are providing a clear road map for continued progress on the application of systems physiology in dairy cattle.Besides specific tissues and organs composing the animal,interactions with other components of the animal system are important and need to be considered.In the case of ruminants the microbial ecosystem in the forestomach,its adaptations during the different physiological stages of the animal,and its interaction with the nrminal epithelium add another level of complexity.A systems physiology approach provides the means to arrive at a holistic view of cow function,and allows studying the adaptation of the animal to dietary manipulations.The system physiology approach can be fully explored in the context of optimized nutrition,i.e.a systematic approach for fine-tuning dairy cattle diets to enhance production efficiency.The integrative approach offered by applying the systems physiology tools appears ideal to study how the cow may respond to a particular nutrient,e.g.fatty acid amino acids,microminerals.Such information could enhance our ability to optimize nutrition,this is particularly important during the periparturient period,which is undoubtedly the most critical stage of the lactation cycle of dairy cattle.
bioinformatics nutrition dairy
Juan J.Loor Massimo Bionaz
Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences University of Illinois at Urbana- Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences University of Illinois at Urbana-
国际会议
3rd International Symposium on Dairy Cow Nutrition and Milk Quality(第三届“奶牛营养与牛奶质量国际研讨会)
北京
英文
209-219
2013-05-11（万方平台首次上网日期，不代表论文的发表时间）