Optimizing Productivity in Dairy Cows:The Interface between Genomics and Nutrition
Sustainability of animal agriculture depends in substantial part on productive efficiency,and the dairy industry has made remarkable gains in productive efficiency (food output per resource input); gains in the average cows milk yield and feed efficiency have been > 400% over the last half-century.Consideration of the biological processes in the cycle of life for a lactating cow reveals that altered nutrient partitioning is the major source for the historic gains and the physiological basis for differences in genetically superior cows.Recent advances in genomics provide an opportunity to advance our understanding of the genetic basis for animal differences in productive efficiency and this offers potential for application in selection systems and management interventions.Three examples where developments in genomics are already impacting our understanding of nutrition,feed efficiency and the biology of milk production are:1) the application of recombinant DNA technology to produce bovine somatotropin,2) the use of residual feed intake to identify cows with superior genetics for feed efficiency,and 3) the application of nutrigenomics to explain the role of rumen-derived biohydrogenation intermediates in the regulation of milk fat synthesis.Recent developments in these examples and the importance of advances in understanding the interface between nutrition and genomics are discussed.
genomics feed efficiency homeorhesis milk fat synthesis nutrient partitioning nutrigenomics productive efficiency residual feed intake
D.E.Bauman
Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca NY 14853
国际会议
3rd International Symposium on Dairy Cow Nutrition and Milk Quality(第三届“奶牛营养与牛奶质量国际研讨会)
北京
英文
227-237
2013-05-11（万方平台首次上网日期，不代表论文的发表时间）