Designing Relevant Biochars to Revitalize Soil Quality:Current Status and Advances
Chemical and physical properties ofbiochars can be designed to improve specific soil quality issues.In order to make appropriate biochar selections,evaluations are required of different feedstocks,pyrolysis conditions,and gross biochar particle sizes.We conducted laboratory soil incubations using a Norfolk loamy sand (fine-loamy,kaolinitic,thermic Typic Kandiudult) mixed with biochars made from two different feedstocks processed into two different particle sizes.Switchgrass (Panicum vigatum L.) and Loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) were individually made into (1) hammer milled (HM) chips (<6 mm) and (2) >6 mm diameter pellets.These prepared feedstocks were pyrolyzed into biochar for 2 h at 350 ℃.For each treatment (n=4),a 1% (w W-1) biochar loamy sand mixture was incubated in triplicate pots at 10% moisture content (w w-1) for 78 days.Untreated Norfolk soil (no biochar) served as a control comparison.On incubation days 32 and 67,each pot was leached with 1.2 pore volumes of deionized water and the leachate collected.Thereafter,we gravimetrically determined each pots daily % soil moisture content (w w-1).On days 1,5 and 11 after both leaching events,HM switchgrass biochar had the most significant moisture storage improvement (≈6%) with respect to the control.The HM pine chip biochar showed mixed results with a longer time period required to demonstrate improvement (day 11).On the other hand,pelletized biochars caused non-significant or minor improvements with soil moisture content.Our results indicate that,in addition to feedstock choice,biochars processed into different particle sizes impacts their ability to improve soil moisture contents.
Designer biochars Pellets Pine Soil quality Soil moisture contents Switchgrass
Jeff Novak Keri Cantrell Don Watts Mark Johnson
USDA-ARS-CPRC,2611 West Lucas Street,Florence,SC,29501,USA USEPA-NHEERL,200 Southwest 35th Street,Corvallis,OR,97333,USA
国际会议
the 16th Meeting of the International Humic Substances Society (第十六届国际腐殖物质学会大会(IHSS 16))
杭州
英文
537-539
2012-09-09（万方平台首次上网日期，不代表论文的发表时间）