Associations between Socio-Economic Factors, Ethnicity,and Traffic Exposure in Montreal, Canada
Background:Air pollution from motor vehicle traffic is a major source ofpolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) exposure in urban areas.Certain PAHs have been classified as probable human carcinogens by the International Agency of Research on Cancer.Some research indicates that people with low socioeconomic status (SES) and other vulnerabilities may be exposed to heavier air pollution and thus PAHs.However,these findings have been inconsistent.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2011,using as the study population base a random sample of household telephone numbers within defined areas based on distance of residences to major roads and highways on the island of Montreal.200 volunteers (107 females and 93 males) ages 20-53,without renal disease or history of cancer,were recruited through telephone screening.116 participants lived within 500 feet of highways or major roads; 36 participants lived between 500 and 750 feet from highways or major roads; and 48 participants lived greater than 750 feet away from highways or major roads.Each participant completed a self-administered questionnaire assessing demographics that included ethnicity and socio-economic indicators.ArcMap software and DMTI electronic street files were used to create zones of distance to highways and major roads.Residential traffic density was calculated based on routinely-collected traffic volume data from municipalities on the island of Montreal and trom Transport Quebec.Results:Persons in full-time employment tended to live closer to heavy traffic (OR:2.71,95% CI:1.26-5.85 for full-time work vs.unemployed).No association was detected between ethnicity or education and level of traffic exposure.Conclusion:We observed gradients in exposure to traffic only for the aspect of SES related to employment,in the direction that full-time employment is associated with higher traffic exposure.
Environmental inequity ethnicity socio-economic status geographic information system (GIS)
Qun Miao Dongmei Chen Michèle Bouchard John J.Spinelli Igor Burstyn Kristan J.Aronson
Queens University Kingston,Canada Université de Montréal,Montreal,Canada BC Cancer Agency,Vancouver Canada;University of British Columbia Vancouver Canada Drexel University Philadelphia,USA
国际会议
Conference on Environmental Pollution and Public Health (2012年环境污染与大众健康学术会议(CEPPH2012))
上海
英文
41-44
2012-08-09（万方平台首次上网日期，不代表论文的发表时间）