Timing and Modes of Evolution of Eastern Asian-North American Biogeographic Disjunctions in Seed Plants

摘要：

　　Charles Darwin corresponded frequently with Harvard professor Asa Gray between 1855 and 1859 concerning the floristic similarity between eastern North America and eastern Asia.The reality of the intercontinental biogeographic disjunctions in plants between eastern Asia and eastern North America has been supported by the occurrence of closely related species in various genera,as well as the high level of morphological similarity of species within the disjunct genera,especially some corresponding species.This paper reviews the timing and modes of evolution of the eastern Asian-North American disjunction in plants.Data from approximately 100 plant lineages continue to support the importance of the Miocene in the evolution of the north temperate disjuncts,although some tropical lineages may have diverged earlier.The Bering land bridge seems to have acted as an important highway for the temperate disjunct lineages,and the North Atlantic land bridges were also significant especially for the thermophilic elements.The Asia-to-New World directionality of migration of the disjuncts continues tobe supported common in angiosperm lineages,but the conifers seem to have a dominant pattern of the New World-to-Asia directionality.The assembly of coniferous elements in the Northern Hemisphere may be very different from that of the temperate deciduous elements as well as that of the thermophilic angiosperm elements.The biogeographic disjunction between eastern Asia and eastern North America mostly represents relict distributions of a wider distribution in the Tertiary and is a product of complex processes of migration/dispersal,extinction,speciation,vicariance,and morphological convergence and stasis.

关键词： Eastern Asia eastern North America disjunction biogeography Bering land bridge North Atlantic land bridges

作者: Jun Wen Stefanie Ickert-Bond Ze-Long Nie Rong Li

作者单位: Department of Botany,MRC-166,Smithsonian Institution,PO Box 37012,Washington,DC 20013-7012,USA;Key L UA Museum of the North Herbarium and Department of Biology and Wildlife,University of Alaska Fairban Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Biogeography,Kunming Institute of Botany,Chinese Academy of Scien Plant Germplasm and Genomics Center,Germplasm Bank of Wild Species,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Kunmi

会议类型: 国际会议

会议名称: The Darwin 200 Beijing International Conference (纪念达尔文诞辰200周年国际学术会议)

会议地点: 北京

会议语种:英文

页码: 252-269

在线出版日期: 2009-10-24（万方平台首次上网日期，不代表论文的发表时间）