Changes in United States Public Service Retirement
Governments around the world are reacting to factors that necessitate changes to existing retirement systems for total populations in general and for public service employees in particular. Countries that provide pension systems increasingly push retirement ages higher as people live longer and spend more years drawing state-sponsored pension checks. Even countries with formal retirement systems that include mandatory retirement ages are reconsidering the possible advantages of later retirement. The need for deficit reduction in the current economy also drives changes in public service retirement. Following multiple waves of early retirement incentives and reduced workforces, remaining public servants are required to pay more of their salaries into pension systems. This paper reviews retirement systems in the United States for general populations and more specifically for public service retirees. Past policies as well as continuing challenges, recent and contemplated changes are presented. The immediate impacts of recent changes and public sector reactions are discussed. Finally, concerns and future considerations for presenting civil servants with changes to public service retirements are provided.
Social security Defined benefit Defined contribution Hybrid plan Mandatory retirement
Joanne Gram
Michigan Department of Attorney General, Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
国际会议
2012 International Conference on Public Administration(8th)(2012年公共管理国际会议 ICPA)
印度海德拉巴
英文
266-271
2012-10-25（万方平台首次上网日期，不代表论文的发表时间）