New Experimental Capabilities of CIAMs Research Test Center
Experimental base of CIAM after P. I. Baranov had appeared initially more than 80 years ago and from that time has been developed to solve the actual scientific problems of aircraft engine manufacturing and the tasks for experimental development of new aircraft engines. Today it is the largest specialized test facility inEurasia which accumulated the colossal experience of experimental tests. Practically, all the civil and military engines designed in the Soviet Union and Russia were tested and developed at the CIAMs test rigs. Test Centre contains the several tens of various test rigs and setups which make it possible to study individual samples of materials, engine parts, whole assemblies (compressors, combustors and so on), engines and propulsion systems and provide the test conditions simulating, if possible more complete, the real operation conditions. State-of-the-art strategies for development of aircraft engines require to provide the leading experimental development of new breakthrough technical decisions for reducing the technical risks on the phase of new-engine project approval. In order to meet these requirements the experimental base of Institute can already to propose several new or updated test rigs and setups. In particular, for advanced engines with the high and super-high by-pass ratios the heavy-loadedbirotative propfans are developed. Theoretically, with other conditions being equal, the minimal value of fuel flow is produced by the stoichiometric turbo-propfan engine (TPFE) with unducted propfan (open rotor). Main disadvantage of TPFE is the higher noise level. To develop the birotative propfan, C3 - A test rig was put into service at the CIAM in 2006. Test rig makes it possible to develop experimentally at the same time the aerodynamic and acoustic characteristics for models of birotative propfans both according to traditional schematic for bypass turbojet and unducted version. Weight reduction and reliability enhancement of propulsion systems are associated with development of so-called completely electrical engine in which the starter-generator is mounted on the engine shaft and the pumps of control and conditioning systems are driven by electric drive. That makes it possible to use no the hydraulic pipelines, to enhance the reliability and to reduce the running costs. To perform the experimental development of electric drives at the U - 7M rig there is used the enginedemonstrator AI - 25TL in which side-by-side with standard systems the electric-drive systems are installed. Today the electric-drive systems of fuel supply and compressor stators control are developed. Increase in amount of air transportations and seating capacity on the board of one aircraft leads to tightening of flight safety standards at the severe climatic conditions such as icing. To solve these tasks in the Institute on the basis of U- 9M, C- 2 and C- 1A altitude test rigs there were made wind tunnels conducting the tests of aircraft engines of different types, wing and airframe elements as well as ice-protection systems development under icing conditions. The works are carried out in close cooperation with TSAGI specialists. The important trend of aircraft engine safety is the determination of its fire-resistance. One of the main and reliable methods for engine fire-resistance substantiation is the firing tests of its components. To perform the engineering and certification firing tests of engine and aircraft components the special test rig C - 17G3 was designed. Test rig, in accordance with ISO - 2685 requirements, makes it possible to carry out required temperature and heat flux calibrations as well as real-time recording and processing of the basic parameters. The serious threat for flight safety is the collisions of aircrafts with the birds and other foreign objects. That is why at CIAM in 2009 there was made SOU7/118 test rig for bird impact testing the aircraft components. Test rig allows to simulate the collision of aircraft with the birds of 3. 6 kg mass under preset velocity rangingfron 50 to 280 m/s. In 2010 at the test rig for Shukhoi civil aircraft private joint-stock company there was performed Program of certification tests for RRJ - 95B aircraft. In 2011 there was extended the area of test-rig certification, namely, tests of aviationequipment components during collision with the foreign objects i. e. birds, wheel-protector fragments, hail and ice. In the near future at the test rig one is going to develop the structure of fan hollow blade fabricated of composite materials for foreign-object resistance at the engine inlet. After 2020 there is expected advent of hypersonic aircrafts withMcritical of 4 to 7 for attack and reconnaissance applications that requires designing the turboramjet (turboramjet combines gas-turbine and ramjet engines) and hypersonic engines with the supersonic speed in combustor (hypersonic ramjet engine - HRE) running on the hydrocarbon fuel. For experimental development of HRE in 2010 the first phase of updating the altitude hypersonic test rig C - 16VK was accomplished. Diameter of nozzle exit section was increased from 0. 5 to 1. 2 meter that provides the free-stream testing of experimental prototypes for integrated high-speed scramjet engines. At present there exist the project in order to support the studying of large-scale modeldemonstrators for high-speed ramjet engines integrated with fuselage of hypersonic aircraft under Mach numbers from 8 to 10.
E. V. Pavlyukov S. B. Petrov A. F. Shoulgin
Central Institute of Aviation Motors, RTC. Moscow, Russia
国际会议
4th International Symposium on Jet Propulsion and Power Engineering(第四届喷气推进与动力工程国际会议 ISJPPE2012)
西安
英文
624-629
2012-09-10（万方平台首次上网日期，不代表论文的发表时间）