The Development of a New Concept and System for Watering During Agaricus bisporus Cultivation
The casing soil serves as the water reservoir, for mycelium growth and fruit body development, during Agaricus bisporus cultivation. Fruit body development is accompanied with water content decrease in the casing soil and the compost. Therefore water is added to the casing by spraying systems, during the crop cycle. The main limitations of this technique is the fact that during fruit body pin head development, watering is stopped in order to avoid damage to the pins. Watering onto the developing fruit body enhances the occurrence of diseases, mainly bacterial blotch. At this time, casing and compost water content decreases to below optimal levels. In the present study,drip irrigation was developed,to replace water spraying. The drip irrigation enhanced water efficiency (the ratio between the amount of applied water to the amount absorbed by the casing and compost) by 20％. It was demonstrated that with drip irrigation, the thickness of the casing layer could ,be reduced. Decreasing casing soil thickness by 40％ did not harm mushroom yield or quality. The use of drip irrigation enabled the addition of water to the casing soil during the entire cropping cycle and minimized the decrease in casing and compost moisture. By the use of drip irrigation the increase in relative humidity (RH) in the growing rooms after water application was minimized,thereby decreasing the energy needs for drying the room again. The ability to add water to the casing without wetting the mushrooms,decreased the incidence of bacterial blotch and enhanced quality. Enhanced mushroom quality,due to the use of drip instead of spray irrigation,was demonstrated mainly in the second and third flushes. It is estimated that with the use of drip irrigation,the value of reduced costs of casing and energy, plus increased income due to better mushroom quality, will be much higher than the cost of the additional equipment.
Agaricus bisporus Water Content Drip Irrigation Mushroom Quality Casing Bacterial Blotch
Ofer Danay Ran Kadosh Dov Raz Gabi Yasinov Nirit Ezov Moshe Miron Yitzhak Hadar Dan Levanon
Migal, Galilee Technology Center, Kiryat Shmona, Israel Netafira Irrigation, Tel Aviv, Israel The Faculty of Agriculture Nutrition and Environmental Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem,
国际会议
The 18th Congress of the International Society for Mushroom Science(第十八届国际食用菌大会 ISMS18)
北京
英文
863-868
2012-08-27（万方平台首次上网日期，不代表论文的发表时间）