Application of EcoDesign in the Electronics Industry
Environmental care in industry has been in existence for many decades. In the early sixties, the detrimental effects of emissions to air, water and soil was recognized at a global scale and since that time legislation, regulation and voluntary programs have been initiated to abate pollution. For more than twenty years the main focus has been on production processes and hence on industry sectors involved in basic production (chemicals, materials like steel, paper etc). The environment was seen as part of industrial engineering; solutions to environmental problems were sought in “end of pipe cleaning solutions through investment in installations. The Brundtland report (1987, see ref. 1) called attention for the first time to the fact that products (the result of production processes) can also cause substantial environmental loads. Product embodiments sometimes use scarce resources and can contain environmentally relevant substances as well. Packaging, packaging waste and transport to the user can contribute considerably to the overall life cycle burden of products. For products using consumables like water, gas, electricity this holds in an even more outspoken way for the so called user phase. Finally, the end of life phase is relevant as well (recycling of discarded products, adverse environmental effects of landfill and incineration).
Ab Stevels
国际会议
The 4th International Conference on Waste Management and Technology(第四届固体废物管理与技术国际会议)
北京
英文
122-137
2009-11-28（万方平台首次上网日期，不代表论文的发表时间）