Recycling
From the very beginning of the environmental activities at Philips Consumer Electronics (PCE) a lot of attention has been paid to recycling efforts (design rules, cost models, etc., see chapter 7) and recyclability of materials (products, plastics, glass). PCE was also an important player, on behalf of industry, in discussions with the Dutch Environmental Ministry about the Dutch Electronics Recycling Law. In 1998 this law was agreed upon and recycling operations started on January 1, 1999. Inside Philips we had numerous discussions about the proposed laws and about the system to be organized. Initially Philips, like all other electronics companies, were opposed to such a law. Soon after Philips became the first company in the electronics industry to realize that take-back and recycling were fads promoted by environmentalists and ministries. However, these calls represented a much broader societal interest that required a positive response. Management decided to strongly support the take-back and recycling pilot in the Netherlands in 1997. This decision was followed up with more realistic legislation (see chapter 8.3). As regards the recycling system, a so called 憀et the competition go to hell?scenario was developed initially. Philips had a high market share in the Netherlands, had in-house recycling facilities and last but not least its products were designed in such a way that the recycling cost of Philips products was lower than that of the competition. Therefore the obvious conclusion was, in the tradition of the idea of Individual Producer Responsibility, go for a Philips-only system. However, soon this idea began to crack (see also chapter 8.1). In the past the market share of Philips CE in the Netherlands was even higher, so recycling cost per piece would be lower, but total cost would be high compared to newcomers to the market.
国际会议
The 4th International Conference on Waste Management and Technology(第四届固体废物管理与技术国际会议)
北京
英文
183
2009-11-28（万方平台首次上网日期，不代表论文的发表时间）