TESTING AND EVALUATION OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE OF WASTE MATERIALS IN EUROPE
This paper addresses some of issues associated with the characterisation testing of the leaching from reused waste materials that is required to assess the environmental impact or the regulatory compliance of waste materials used in various application projects. A large number of leaching tests are available, but a toolkit with a very limited number of leaching tests, namely a pH dependence leaching test, a percolation test, a batch leaching test and a tank leaching test including a compacted granular tank leaching test is sufficient for practically all purposes and most materials, if the tools are chosen correctly in each case. The toolkit presented in this paper has been developed primarily by the European standardisation committee CEN/TC 292 “Characterisation of waste, but is also used by other CEN committees and implemented into EU legislation on waste and soil management and CE marking of construction products. A similar toolkit is under implementation by the US EPA. The results of the characterisation leaching tests provide information on release mechanisms, on release as a function of L/S or time and of changes caused e.g. by carbonation and/or changes in pH. They may be used as input to release and transport models describing the source, migration and impact on e.g. downstream groundwater or surface water quality of various substances released from recycled or reused waste materials in various application scenarios or they may be compared directly to regulatory limit values. The results may also be used in hydrogeochemical speciation models to predict longer term behaviour of waste materials under various conditions and changes.
Waste utilisation environmental assessment characterisation leaching tests toolkit standard methods release mechanisms
O. HJELMAR H.A. van der SLOOT
DHI, H(o)rsholm, Denmark ECN, Petten, The Netherlands
国际会议
北京
英文
998-1003
2010-05-17（万方平台首次上网日期，不代表论文的发表时间）