Mechanism on Lead Poisoning from Environmental Lead Pollution in Children
Lead poisoning had become a serious problem threatening the health of children, reports in literature showed that children of lead poisoning in China mostly belonging to high and moderate epidemic areas. The incidence of lead poisoning in male children was higher than female children, meanwhile the incidence rate increased with age, so middle school students were the most serious. From 2008 to 2010, part of the references showed that mining factories, urban and rural areas in turn reduce the exceeding rates of blood lead that indicated the most serious environmental lead pollution caused by mining factories, city transportation and accumulated enterprises. Children have more bad habits of sucking fingers and bit things, so that made more lead enter into the digestive tract. Moreover, the lead absorption rate in children at 42％ to 53％ that was 4 to 5 times as high as the adults. But the lead excretion rate only 66％ and about 30％ of lead will remain in the body, of which 25％ will be transferred through blood to the organ tissue that is 5 times higher than the adults. Therefore, lead in children excrete slowly and accumulate fast. Lead inhibited erythrocyte iron complexation synthase, prompt oxidative damage mechanisms, and interfere with physiological functions of other metal ions. Multisystem damage caused by lead poisoning in which the most common injury of the nervous system was the behavior change and mental deterioration character. The 1Q declined by 1 to 3 points with each increased of 10 μg/L of blood lead in children. Lead poisoning also causes a variety of acute and chronic kidney damage and renal hypertension or even develops into renal failure. Lead could interrupt the growth that childrens height will be reduced 1.3 cm when blood lead concentration elevated each 0.1 mg/L. It can increase airway responsiveness and risk of asthma. Prevention is a main method to deal with lead poisoning in children. It includes reducing the lead content of the environment which requires reducing the lead resource mining to minimize lead exposure, and controlling lead pollution to air, water, soil and food from industry, encouraging lead-free toys of children and promoting the application of unleaded petrol. Simultaneously, it should reduce or avoid children exposed to high lead environment. Furthermore, attention to nutrition adjusted can reduce the damage and ultimately promote lead excreting. In severe cases, discharging lead medicine should be applied.
Lead poisoning lead pollution environmental health security child kidney metal
XU Zhiquan YANG Fengxia YI Zhuwen
Lab of Pediatric Nephrology, the 2nd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hu Laboratory Department, Affiliated Hospital of Taishan Medical College, Taian 271000, Shandong, China
国际会议
The 2010 International Symposium on Safety Science and Technology(2010 安全科学与技术国际会议)
杭州
英文
533-538
2010-10-26（万方平台首次上网日期，不代表论文的发表时间）