Quality of pyrolyzed organic biomass and its potential use as soil ameliorant
Carbonized material, also called black carbon or biochar, is a product of incomplete combustion of organic substances occurring either through natural fires or pyrol ysis process. Its presence (up to 45％ of organic C) in Mollisols of North America and Germany is belied to be a key factor for maintaining high levels of stable soil organic matter ( Glaser and Amelung, 2002; Schmidt et al., 1999 ). Application of industrially produced biochar was shown to increase the ability of soils to retain nutrients and plant available water and reduce leaching of nutrients and agricultural chemicals. Biochar is a low density material that reduces soil bulk density and thereby increases water infiltration, root penetration, and soil aeration ( Lehman, 2007 ). Hence, biochar can be used effectively to improve quality of degraded Mollisols. Ultimately the effects of biochar additions on soil quality and crop productivity will depend on quality of the biochar, which is influenced by characteristics of the biomass feedstock and the pyrolitic conditions. It is important therefore, to develop a screening procedure to differentiate between biochar quality before application to the soil. We hypothesize that some fresh biochars may contain phytotoxic compounds that can suppress germination and plant seedling growth. We further hypothesize that aged biochars may adsorb allelopathic compounds released from corn residue.
Natalia Rogovska David Laird Richard Cruse Emily Heaton
Department of Agronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011, USA
国际会议
哈尔滨
英文
153-154
2010-07-13（万方平台首次上网日期，不代表论文的发表时间）