Integrated Disease Management of Citrus Black Spot (Guignardia citricarpa Kiely) in Queensland, Australia
Citrus black spot (CBS) (Guignardia citricarpa) is a significant disease of citrus grown in the Central Burnett district of Queensland, Australia. Disease control currently relies primarily on the application of protectant fungicides (e. g. copper or dithiocarbamate) to reduce infection, and appropriately timed picking and cooling of fruit to avoid expression of symptoms postharvest. However, evidence in the literature suggests cultural practices such as pruning and mulching can help reduce CBS. Despite this it is uncommon in the Central Burnett that these cultural practices are integrated with fungicide applications to control CBS. The desire to produce CBS-free fruit, as well as the reduction in fungicide options with the recent loss of the systemic fungicide benomyl, has generated an incentive to demonstrate if integrating chemical and cultural strategies can significantly reduce CBS incidence relative to the district-wide incidence. A district survey was undertaken to measure the level of CBS found in blocks treated with the current management program typically adopted throughout the district, and found the majority of blocks (91％) to have less than 5％ of fruit affected by CBS. In the same season as the survey, a best practice program for CBS control was devised based on strategies reported in the literature, and applied to three commercial-scale trial plots in the district. The best practice program integrates: i) altered fungicide application timing to account for losses of fungicide coverage as fruit rapidly expand, ii) pruning to reduce pycnidiospore inoculum, promote tree vigour and spray penetration, and iii) application of hay mulch over the leaf litter to suppress liberation of ascospores from fallen leaves. The highest proportion of CBS-affected fruit were harvested from untreated control trees (3.17％), followed by the current management program trees (2.54％), and the least CBS affected fruit were harvested from the best practice program trees (0.05％ ). Our research shows that significant improvements in CBS management are possible by integrating protectant fungicide application with pruning and mulching.
Murcott Integrated disease management Phyllosticta
A. K. Miles P. Wyatt R. Kopittke M. Eelkema B. Missenden E. Hamacek M. Shivas A. Drenth
Tree Pathology Centre, The University of Queensland - Department of Primary Industries and Fisheries Department of Primary Industries and Fisheries,Queensland, Brisbane, Australia Tree Pathology Centre, The University of Queensland - Department of Primary Industries and Fisheries
国际会议
11th International Citrus Congress(第11届国际柑橘大会)
武汉
英文
1070-1076
2008-10-01（万方平台首次上网日期，不代表论文的发表时间）