The Human Dimensions of Ecosystem Management:Social, Cultural, and Economic Challenges for Sustainable Forest Management
An ecosystem approach has long been accepted as a central part of the solution to sustainable forest management. But the human dimensions of an ecosystem approach remain poorly defined. In this paper, we present the broad elements of the human dimensions in the form of eleven challenges or tasks which ecosystem management must address. These include: (1) Coordinating across political borders and institutional cultures; (2) Coordinating across time horizons longer than those of conventional decision making; (3) Holistic coordination of solutions; (4) Making decisions based on uncertain information; (5) Averting the tragedy of the commons, that is, assuring that resource uses which are narrowly rational also combine systemically to serve the common good; (6) Making changes in rights and duties in natural re sources; (7) Reducing inequities in the distribution of the costs and benefits of natural re source use and environmental change; (8) Developing in ways which are economically sustain able ; (9) Institutionalizing ecological and economic interdependence collaboratively; (10) Managing the conflicts associated with accomplishing these tasks; and (11) Integrating human and biophysical factors. These are certainly a daunting set of challenges. But they are no more daunting than the challenges faced and overcome by forestry professionals of the past.
dimensions ecosystem management sustainable forest management
David N. Bengston Luther P. Gerlach
Northern Research Station, US Forest Service Department of Anthropology University of Minnesota
国际会议
The Frist Global Forum of Ecological Economics in Forestry(首届全球森林生态经济论坛 GFEEF)
南京
英文
1-11
2009-08-19（万方平台首次上网日期，不代表论文的发表时间）