The Diversity of River Basins in Vologda Region (North-West European Russia) and its Protection problems
The Vologda region located in the north-west of European Russia it is unique as regards the diversity of rivers basin and watershed structure. A feature of the region is its location at the watershed of the Caspian, Baltic and White Seas, what initially influenced on formation of water communities. The large-scale anthropogenic transformation of river ecosystems is observed as result of orientation of economy on rich aquatic resources, creation of large transportation systems and the degradation river basins. The human impact include the fishery, navigation, water supply intake and waste water disposal, the extraction of sand, rafting of timber, recreational use. The rivers are subjected to strong and diverse anthropogenic pressure, because they are a part of the Volga-Baltic Route and the Northern Dvina Route. The level of human pressure is different among the rivers, but pollution and eutrophication are observed in all of them. Atmospheric deposition contributes much to these processes. As a result the communities have exhibited a decline in biodiversity due to the deterioration abiotic conditions. It is necessary to adopt measures to rehabilitate the rivers and improve protection of small rivers by means of reduce the impact on the watersheds. Long-term monitoring suggests that the pollution of water in the rivers have increased as a result of human pressure on the watershed. The assessments are important tools for strategy of rivers protection that can be used in international monitoring.
anthropogenic transformation river Vologda region protection watershed
Bolotova Natalya L.
Department of Zoology and Ecology, Vologda State Pedagogical University, Orlova, 6, Vologda, RUSSIA
国际会议
郑州
英文
930-936
2009-10-20（万方平台首次上网日期，不代表论文的发表时间）