Thermal and Calorimetric Investigations of Lactose/Ozidant Binary Pyrotechnic Systems
Thermal analysis (TA) and bomb calorimeter experiments have been conducted to examine thermal behavior of some pyrotechnic mixtures, containing lactose as a fuel and an oxidant among common oxidizing agents including potassium chlorate (KClO3), potassium permanganate (KMnO4), potassium nitrate (KNO3), potassium perchlorate (KClO4), barium nitrate (Ba(NO3)2), lead dioxide (PbO2) and ammonium perchlorate (NH4ClO4). Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential thermal analysis (DTA) have been used to obtain thermal characteristic of the mixtures and the results compared with those of pure constituents. The results showed that pure lactose powder decomposes at about 358 in nitrogen atmosphere, while in similar ℃ condition decomposition temperature of pure KClO3, KMnO4, KNO3, KClO4, Ba(NO3)2, PbO2 and NH4ClO4 is 472, 290, 700, 592, 745, 436 and 321 , ℃ respectively. Based on ignition temperature of the pyrotechnic mixtures we can divide them into three categories as follows: 1) high sensitive mixtures, igniting at lower than 350 ℃, including the mixture of lactose with KClO3, KMnO4 or KNO3; 2) low sensitive pyrotechnic mixtures with ignition temperature higher than 400 , where ℃ KClO4 or Ba(NO3)2 act as oxidizing agent of the mixture and 3) not igniting mixtures, involving the ones containing PbO2 or NH4ClO4 oxidants. On the other hand, bomb calorimetry results showed that the reaction enthalpy (? H) of the igniting mixtures varies from 1 150 J/g for lactose+KMnO4 to 6 100 J/g for (lactose+ Ba(NO3)2) mixture. Finally, among high sensitive mixtures, lactose+KClO3 and lactose+KNO3 have been chosen as efficient pyrotechnic compositions for vaporization of organic materials, such as a smoke dye due to their high reaction enthalpy at relatively low temperature.
TG/DTA lactose pyrotechnic mizture ozidizer effect ignition temperature reaction enthalpy (?H) smoke dye
HOSSEINI Seyed Ghorban ESLAMI Abbas
Faculty of Chemistry, University of Mazandaran, P.O.Box 47416-95447, Babolsar, Iran
国际会议
2009 International Autumn Seminar on Propellants,Ezplosives and Pyrotechnics(2009国际推进剂、炸药、烟火技术秋季研讨会)
昆明
英文
1-8
2009-09-22（万方平台首次上网日期，不代表论文的发表时间）