Hazard Initiation in Gun Propellants
Gun propellants are nitrate-ester-based (e.g., nitrocellulose and nitroglycerine) propellants, contain stabilizers to control the decomposition rate of the nitrate esters. These propellants are stabilized at the time of manufacture with ingredients that react with the nitrogen oxide decomposition products. However, as the stabilizer level diminishes over time, the decomposition rate may accelerate and may in certain cases produce spontaneous ignition through self-heating. The primary objective of this study is to ensure safe storage of the nitrate-ester-based gun propellants, whether they are loaded in ammunition, or stored in bulk configuration. The thermal behavior of as received and aged gun propellants was investigated by thermo-gravimetric (TGA), derivative thermo-gravimetric (DTG), and differential scanning calorimet er (DSC). To study the effect of elevated temperature on the propellants, samples of the same batch were aged at 80℃ for one, two and three months. Thermal analysis was carried out under nitrogen atmosphere and at heating rates between 2 and 20 ℃/min. The separation and quantitative determination of diphenylamine and its mono-derivatives in gun propellants was investigated by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). TGA curves obtained for as received propellants show a characteristic slowdown at the extents of weight loss between 0 and 7% in the temperature range of 80 to 160℃. The aged samples show no weight loss before 150℃. The onset temperature was 150 ℃ for one month aged propellant and 160℃ for two and three months aged propellants. In an agreement with results obtained by HPLC, these results indicated that the depletion of the stabilizer occurred mainly during the first month.
propellants thermal analysis HPLC
AL-HARTHI Abdulrahman
Military Industries Corporation, Riyadh 11352, P. O. Box 270770, Saudi Arabia
国际会议
2009 International Autumn Seminar on Propellants,Ezplosives and Pyrotechnics(2009国际推进剂、炸药、烟火技术秋季研讨会)
昆明
英文
1-5
2009-09-22（万方平台首次上网日期，不代表论文的发表时间）