Substituting Chemical Fertilizers with Microbial Fertilizers for Increasing Productivity of Faba Bean (Vicia faba L.) in Arid Lands
Arid and semi arid lands of Sudan, constituting more than 60% of the country, have poor soils with low nutrient elements and low productivity. Exploiting these lands for agricultural production entails the heavy use of high cost potentially pollutant chemical fertilizers. However, as seen in many parts of the world, biofertilizers can partially substitute the use of chemical fertilizers in increasing agricultural crops production and producing products with high quality. Of the biofertilizers commonly used are the nitrogen fixing (mainly symbiotic nitrogen fixing bacteria of the gnus Rhizobium) and phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB). Northern Sudan states are part of the arid and semi arid zones. Most of the food legumes are cultivated in these states along the river Nile as winter crops. Faba bean is a major food crop all over Sudan and most of its production comes form the Northern and River Nile states. It constitutes a cheap source of protein for the majority of the country population mainly the middle and low income groups. Shortage of faba bean supply was experienced in the last few years. A field experiment was conducted at both Shendi and El–Hudeiba Research Station farms in the River Nile State, Northern Sudan to assess the role of different Rhizobium and phosphate solubilizing bacterial (PSB) strains, compared with chemical fertilizers, in increasing yield of faba bean. The experimental design followed was in a multi factorial design with 3 replicates. Sampling was made by taking three plants from each plot at 6 and 8 weeks after sowing. The shoot system was separated from the root system and shoots, roots and nodules were oven dried at 70℃ for 48 hours then weighed. The nitrogen content of shoots was determined by the kjeldahl method. The phosphorus content of shoots was determined by digestion and calorimetrically. Rhizobium inoculation and phosphate solubilizing bacteria were found to enhance the symbiotic properties (nodulation, nodules dry matter, root dry weight, shoot dry weight, shoot nitrogen content, shoot phosphorus content and yield) of faba bean plants. Co-inoculation with Rhizobium and PSB had synergetic effect in enhancing the symbiotic properties. Starter doses of N and P fertilizers (25 kg N+21 kg P ha-1) enhanced the positive effects of Rhizobium and PSB. Microbial inoculation resulted in an increase in yield of faba bean over the control comparable to the increase obtained by higher doses (50 kg N+42 Kg P ha-1) of the two chemical fertilizers.
microbial fertilizers faba bean Vicia faba Rhizobium Bacillus megatherium.
Ahmed Mohamed Elhasan RUGHEIM Migdam Elsheikh ABDELGANI
Faculty of Agriculture,Omdurman Islamic University,Omdurman,Sudan Environment and Natural Resources Research Institute,The National Centre for Research,Khartoum. Suda
国际会议
2009 International Symposium on Environmental Science and Technology(2009环境科学与技术国际会议)
上海
英文
1910-1918
2009-06-02（万方平台首次上网日期，不代表论文的发表时间）