LET MICROORGANISMS HELP, NOT HARM SALT MANUFACTURE
(0) A biological system able to help or harm salt manufacture inevitably develops in the ponds of every solar saltworks. A physical system (the circuit of connected ponds with associated gates, pumps, and dikes) properly constructed or modified and appropriately managed allows development and maintenance of a biological system helpful to salt manufacture. A helpful biological system, consisting of microorganisms suspended in the water and on floors of ponds manufactures and utilizes desired quantities of organic substances, and enables continuous and economic production of high quality salt at design capacity. Harmful biological systems create and release into the water and on the floors excessive quantities of organic substances that decrease surface areas and volumes of the ponds, decrease the quantity and quality of salt, and they require constant struggle and expenditures for continued operation. Causes of harmful systems include ecological, demographic, and climate conditions that enable increasing concentrations of nutrients to enter the ponds at the intake, from land runoff, birds, and disasters. Contributing causes of harmful systems include inappropriate design and regulation of the physical system, and inability to manage the biological system. Design and construction requirements to prevent or correct these problems and to establish helpful biological systems include ponds of sufficient numbers with adequate surface areas, maintenance of unchanging salinity at each point in each pond, baffles to control back mixing, shallow and uniform water depths, gates and pumps of sufficient capacity to maintain desired depths, flows, and salinity. Also required are constant surveillance of the physical and biological systems, and regular inspection of the integrity of the salt crop and/or salt floor. Information required for the harvested salt includes losses in the wash process, contaminant and water content, and crystal characteristics. Biological information required includes water color, composition and concentration of the dominant organisms suspended in the water and on floors, extent of deposits in corners and on floors of ponds, and usual and unusual events. Computer programs locally developed or purchased can assist display of the data, utilization of information, and management of biological and physical systems.
biological management saltfields salinas solar saltworks
Joseph S.Davis
University of Florida
国际会议
9th International Symposium on Salt(第九届世界盐业大会)
北京
英文
725-728
2009-09-05（万方平台首次上网日期，不代表论文的发表时间）