Alternatives to Methyl Bromide in Grain Management in Kenya
Methyl bromide is one of the most commonly used fumigants in the Kenya for disinfes-ting commodities in grain silos and warehouses. The grain industry needs to act quickly to find ahema-tires to methyl bromide for use on grain because it will soon be banned in all developing countries due to its ozone-depleting properties. Kenya has identified carbon dioxide as an effective substitute for methyl bromide. Fumigation with carbon dioxide in well-sealed grain silos has been found to be techni-cally feasible. A minimum carbon dioxide concentration of 35% to 40% in air for 10 days is required for complete insect mortality. Phosphine is also used as a fumigant but its use requires careful practice to avoid pest resistance. Three insecticidal sprays consisting of organophosphates and pyrethroids also proved effective for short term grain protection against stored product pests. A recent workshop in dif-ferent parts of Kenya discussed the options for storage of grain. In the future, farmers may receive a pre-mium price for grain supplied from protected, farm-based storage facilities as this action will reduce the need for methyl bromide fumigation in centralised facilities.
Kimondo Mutambuki J.N.Mbugua C.M.Ngatia P.W.Likhayo G.N.Kibata
National agricultural Research Laboratories P.O.Box 14733-00800
国际会议
成都
英文
179-181
2008-09-21（万方平台首次上网日期，不代表论文的发表时间）