Ground Level Phosphine Application Systems——Towards a Safer Workplace
Phosphine generating metal phosphide products have been in use in grain storage around the world for nearly 50 years. Early label recommendations suggested admixture into the grain stream as the most convenient method of application. A recent label change in Australia reflects the need to prevent admixture of spent phosphide residues with grain. This requires tablets or pellets applied in the headspace of the storage be placed onto a tray or similar device to capture the powder residue. This application method requires the fumigator to work at the top of some very tall silos and often in a confined or restricted area. Techniques have been developed in Western Australia that enables sealed steel silos to be dosed at ground level, removing the need to climb the silo. The systems include : （i) a thermosiphon （temperature driven) distribution system in small farm silos, (ii) a fan operated recireulation system with an external phosphine generating system attached to larger sealed silos, and （iii) in unsealed silos, using a top up technique to maintain phosphine concentration at the required levels. The results from trials with these techniques demonstrated the thermosiphon distributed phosphine gas safely and effectively throughout the grain bulk. All fumigations in the sealed silos reached the Department of Agriculture and Food Western Australia recommended protocol for elimination of all life stages of stored grain insects. In the unsealed silos, fumigation success was directly related to ambient wind conditions.
thermosiphon phosphine distribution ground level application
Christopher R.Newman
Department of Agriculture and Food Western Australia, Bougainvillea Ave., Forrestfield, WA, 6058, Australia
国际会议
成都
英文
249-258
2008-09-21（万方平台首次上网日期，不代表论文的发表时间）