CTP Model for Optimum Efficacy of Closed Loop Fumigation (CLF) Systems in Partially Sealed Storages
Phosphine fumigations often use larger dosages than necessary, yet fail to accomplish satisfactory insect control because gas concentrations are not maintained in storages at sufficient levels long enough for complete kill of all life stages of stored grain insects. This CTP CLF model （concentrationtime product) uses halflife loss time of storage structures. It recommends use of aluminum phosphide tablets rather than pellets for slower gas release, lower peaks, which extends time of higher gas concentrations which improves efficacy. An alternative dosage method recommends using partial pellet dosage (15%-25%) for fast early gas release with the balance of the dosage （75%-85%) in tablets for slower release with lower peak concentrations. This split dosage method, flattens peak gas levels, slows losses and sustains higher overall gas concentrations for longer fumigation times with lower dosage. Lower peak concentrations reduce gas leakage rates from storages. This CLF process allows a fumigator to calculate total dosage required for future fumigations for each storage structure based on the halflife loss time from peak gas levels to maintain concentrations above 200 ppm for 100 hours or more for maximum efficacy,minimizing insect resistance to phosphine.
closed loop fumigation (CLF) partially sealed storage CTP halflife gas concentration efficacy phosphine resistance
Ronald T.Noyes Thomas W.Phillips
Grain Storage Engineering, LLC Stillwater, Oklahoma Department of Entomology Kansas State University Manhattan, Kansas, USA
国际会议
成都
英文
269-273
2008-09-21（万方平台首次上网日期，不代表论文的发表时间）