Sulfuryl FluorideEfficacy against Tribolium castaneum and Ephestia kuehniella and Residues of the Gas in Flour after Fumigations of Mills
Sulfuryl Fluoride (SF) as Profume(R) together with a computer program （Fumiguide(R)) has been registered by Dow AgroSciences in many countries for disinfestations against stored product pest insects mainly in empty structures e. g. mills. Due to strongly reduced efficacy at lower temperatures,the SF application is recommended together with thoroughly warming up the structure above 20℃.Based on a mill fumigation with SF（average ct-product 1,200 g · h/m,20 ℃,60 h),the authors discuss the efficacy of the gas towards the eggs of the Red flour beetle（Tribolium castaneum)and Mediterranean flour moth (Ephestia kuehniella). No development of eggs of Ephestia kuehniella occurred in 80% of the samples and in 44% of the Tribolium samples. The average survival rate for the moths in samples with incomplete control was 8% compared to untreated samples. This rate amounted to about 12% for the Tribolium samples with survivors. In large flour mills often residual flour remains inside during a fumigation due to economic reasons. This flour is not object of the treatment but picks up residues depending on the diffusion of the gas through intemal walls. Data are reported on the formation of fluoride residues in flour in three such bins : 10.4 mgF-/kg, 5.7 mgF-/kg, and 2.9 mgF-/kg, respectively. The European maximum residue limit for fluoride in flour will be 2 mg/kg from September 2008. One of the biggest advantages using the Fumiguide(R) is the precise and specific adjustment of several fumigation parameters according to the individual conditions of the fumigation. That includes the species and life stages of the pests, the gas tightness of the object, the temperature, the exposure time and the direction and strength of the wind. The impact of various parameters on effective fumigations will be discussed based on efficacy data as well as the formation of residues.
D.Klementz W.Rassmann Ch.Reichmuth
国际会议
成都
英文
533-537
2008-09-21（万方平台首次上网日期，不代表论文的发表时间）