Interests in the Mizture Ethyl Formate/Allyl Isothiocyanatefor the Fumigation of Infested Wheat by the Rice Weevil:Sitophilus oryzae L. and the Granary Weevil:Sitophilus granarius L.
Since several post-harvest insecticides like dichlorvos or methyl bromide are being phased out in the European Union, new alternatives have to be found. The volatile liquid mixture ethyl formate/allyl isothiocyanate (AITC)95%/5 % (w/w), was recently tested successfully and patented by the Australian Stored Grain Research Laboratory (SGRL). We have carried out trials with an application rate of 60 g/m3 and an exposure time of 24 and 48 hours, and with an application rate of 120 g/m3 and an exposure time of 24 hours against the two species:Sitophilus oryzae and Sitophilus granarius.Ethyl formate concentrations were measured by GC, FID. These trials were carried out with samples of 12 kilograms of infested wheat in 30-litre gas tight-drums at about 20 C. Applications were made by introducing the mixture with a syringe through a septum on the grain in movement. With an application rate of 60 g/m3, the mortality rate of granary weevil adults is about 42 % after 24 and 48 h, and respectively 80 and 92 % for the mortality rate of rice weevil adults after 24 and 48 h. The pupae and/or aged larvae emergence reduction is very low:between 0 to 40 % depending on the conditions. However,results of treatments with an application rate of 120 g/m3 show respectively a control of 96.6 and 99.3 % of granary weevil and rice weevil adults. Hidden stages of granary weevils and rice weevils show respectively a emergence reduction of 97.4 and 92.5 % for pupae and aged larvae,98.9 % for larvae of both species, 100 and 99.8 % for eggs. This efficacy is encouraging, but grain treatment with this application rate of 120 g/m3 is higher than the lower explosive limit (85 g/m3), so new ways of application must be found.
fumigation sitophilus oryzae sitophilus granarius ethyl formate allyl isothiocyanate
CIESLA Yann DUCOM Patrick
国际会议
成都
英文
688-692
2008-09-21（万方平台首次上网日期，不代表论文的发表时间）