Diamondback moth,Plutella zylostella(L.),as a pest of canola in Canada：Its historical impact on the crop and predicted effects of climate change on its pest status
Oilseed brassicaceous crops，comprising Brassica napus L.，Brassica rapa L.，Brassica juncea(L.)Czem，and Sinapis alba L.，are grown over approximately five to six million ha annually in the western Canadian provinces of Alberta，Saskatchewan，and Manitoba，with minor levels of production also occurring in British Columbia，Ontario，and Québec.Diamondback moth，Plutella xylostella(L.)(Lepidoptera：Plutellidae)，was recognized as a significant pest of canola and mustard almost as soon as these crops were grown in western Canada. The area seeded to oilseed brassicaeeous crops has expanded substantially in Canada since the 1970s，and the magnitude of economic damage caused by diamondback moth infestations has also increased；however. The outbreak frequency was not linked as closely with crop area expansion as has occurred with some other pests of these crops. Irregular，rather than annual or cyclical，outbreaks of diamondback moth can be attributed to the fact that，at best，a minor component of the population is capable of overwintering，and western Canadian populations arise predominantly from annual migrations from southem U.S.A.and northern Mexico.However，global temperatures have increased by 0.7℃in the last century.and most models of climate change predict that western Canada will become wanner and drier with predicted temperature increases of at least 1 to 3℃over the next century. Increases in ambient temperatures are almost certain to affect multivohine insect species like P.xylostella by enabling range expansion and completion of more generations during the growing season. In this paper，we trace the historical pattern of diamondback moth outbreaks in oilseed brassieaceous crops in western Canada，and predict effects of climate change on its pest status using a bio-climatic model.Model predictions suggest that the pest status of diamondback moth is likely to increase in relation to climate change，although its parasitoids，like Diadegma insulare(Cresson)，Diadromus subtilicornis(Gravenhorst)(Hymenoptera：Ichneumonidae)，and Microplitis plutellae Muesebeck(Hymenoptera：Braconidae)，could ameliorate some of the harmful effects of infestations in canola and mustard crops.
Lloyd M.Dosdall Ross M.Weiss Owen O.Olfert Peter G.Mason J.J.Soroka
Department of Agricultural,Food and Nutritional Science,4-16B Agriculture-Forestry Centre,University Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada,Saskatoon Research Centre,107 Science Place,Saskatoon,Saskatchewan Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada,Eastern Cereal and Oilseed Research Centre,960 Carling Avenue,Ottaw
国际会议
北京
英文
112-121
2006-10-24（万方平台首次上网日期，不代表论文的发表时间）