Restoration of Kyrgyz traditional knowledge for sustainable pasture management and use
Pastures are a major resource for Kyrgyzstan and a source of livelihood for a large part of its predominantly rural population.Pastures make up nearly 87％ of all agricultural land in the country.The Kyrgyz people historically have been engaged in pastoral transhumance, taking advantage of the features of the countrys extremely mountainous terrain.This terrain is marked by three types of pastures that are suitable for grazing at different times of the year and hence naturally support pastoral herding.This age‐old method of pasture changed during the Soviet Union when nomadic Kyrgyz were forced to settle and livestock herding was organized into collective and state farm structures.The Soviets launched an aggressive intensification of the numbers of flocks through very heavy usage of all available pastures as well as addressing the risks that had kept flock numbers down, most notably through the regular provision of reliable fodder for winter and early spring and more advanced transportation systems.The Soviets particularly focused on sheep production, turning the Kyrgyz SSR into the Soviet Unions.wool factory.while decreasing the number of breeds suitable for mobile pastor lifestyle.This led to overgrazing and degradation of pastures.At the same time, some pre‐Soviet elements remained, particularly the retention of tribal and communal linkages for regulation of social and economic affairs, but old practices of unaided transhumance and understanding of sustainable pasture use were lost.
traditional knowledge community based pasture management pasture improvement
Undeland,Asyl
Research Coordinator,Rural Development Fund,Manaschy Sagynbai Street 152,room ＃ 2,Bishkek,Kyrgyz Republic
国际会议
呼和浩特
英文
2008-06-29（万方平台首次上网日期，不代表论文的发表时间）