Aquaculture and fisheries:complement or competition
The growth of the aquaculture sector has both positive and negative impacts on the traditional fisheries sector. In the ecosystem some aquaculture has: a) directly influenced fish stocks through its use of wild fish stocks for inputs such as feed; b) influenced fish stocks through intentional releases (salmon stock enhancement) or through unintentional escapes; c) displaced wild fish through its use of habitat and, in some cases, enhanced fisheries habitat (e.g. some oyster operations); and d) influenced both wild and farmed fish stocks through disease transmission and related interactions. However, aquaculture also has a tremendous influence on wild fisheries through international trade and the market. It has: a) influenced prices negatively through increased supply and positively through the development of new markets (e.g. Catfish); b) changed consumer behaviour,c) accelerated globalization (e.g. salmon, shrimp and tilapia); d) increased concentration and vertical integration in the seafood sector; e) resulted in the introduction of new product forms; and f) significantly changed the way seafood providers conduct business. The growth of aquaculture has stimulated the traditional wild fisheries sector to improve quality and, in some cases, attempt to become more efficient. Growth in aquaculture has created a backlash of criticism from the wild fisheries sector (and environmental groups) through the media and, in several cases,has been met with increasingly restrictive international trade barriers (e.g. salmon, shrimp and catfish). These interactions and changes are explored and implications for the future of the wild and farmed seafood sectors are discussed.
James L.Anderson
Department of Environmental and Natural Resource Economics University of Rhode Island Kingston,United States of America
国际会议
青岛
英文
229-236
2007-05-29（万方平台首次上网日期，不代表论文的发表时间）