MULTIDISCIPLINARY EFFORTS IN SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT AND RETROFITTING OF EXISTING FACILITIES CONTAINING HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
Two years ago, the Israeli Ministry of Environmental Protection (MOE) required from the top-20 most hazardous facilities in the industry sector to asses their capability to withstand a significant Earthquake. Clearly, the combination of: 1) stochastic seismic phenomena; 2) the dangers of a process involving hazardous materials; and 3) the fact that existing processes in the industry were rarely designed according to a seismic standard; poses a highly significant risk. Moreover, the cost of retrofitting an existing facility is considerably high. Therefore, a state-of-the-art engineering, e.g. displacement-based considerations and non linearity behaviour both in the ground and in the upper structures and facilities, and a careful design, yet cost-effective, had to be set. By taking advantage on the pilot study initiated by the Israeli MOE, the authors developed a practical probabilistic methodology for decision making concerning the retrofitting of processes containing hazardous substances vulnerable to seismic events. The proposed methodology is based on the quantification of the damage due to earthquakes, calculation of the retrofitting cost and using the proportion between these two values as an acceptance criterion. The proposed approach has been used for risk assessment in various industries such as chlorine plants, fertilizers plant, refrigerating facilities in the food industry, pharmaceutical industries and other chemical industries. The case studies shown in this article demonstrate how the close collaboration of engineers from the wide disciplines involved; stimulate appropriate and realistic solutions, perhaps unusual sometimes.
environmental risk seismic risk retrofitting existing facilities chemical industry performance based engineering
Alexander Avihu COHEN Yaron OFFIR Anat TZUR Alex SHOHAT Amos SHIRAN
Hazmat LTD, 19th Hamelacha St. Rosh Haayin 48091,Israel Yaron-Offir engineers Ltd, Technion campus, Haifa 32000, Israel Amos Shiran Earthquake Engineering, Hayogev 19232, Israel
国际会议
14th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering(第十四届国际地震工程会议)
北京
英文
2008-10-12（万方平台首次上网日期，不代表论文的发表时间）