A digital watershed hydrological model and its use in slopeland hazard evaluation
A digital watershed model is a virtual copy of a prototype watershed, which is stored and implemented in a computer. It can be used to simulate the rainfall runoff, soil erosion, hyperconcentrated flow, non-point-source pollution movement and the influence of human activities across a watershed. In this paper, a digital watershed model for the Yellow River basin is developed based on a muti-level classification of the river basin. The Yellow River basin was classified into four levels: i) main river channels in which routing processes are simulated; ii) minor streams in which routing processes are calculated for sub-basin areas; iii) small catchments for which routing processes are simulated in minimal drainage branches; and iv) hillslope units for which rainfall runoff and soil erosion are modeled. The models for these four levels were integrated into a comprehensive framework. This paper investigates how to obtain parameter values from remote sensing images, and application of parallel computations. With the developed digital watershed model, water flow, hyperconcentrated flow, and sediment transport within a whole basin can be simulated. The distribution of water resources in the region from the upper Yellow River to the Huayuankou hydrological station was simulated to validate the developed model. On the basis of a rainfall-runoff simulation, the sediment yield from the infamous sand and grit area of the middle Yellow River basin was simulated. Errors between simulated results and field data were acceptable. The sediment and water that enters into streams forms the hyperconcentrated flows. Hyperconcentrated flows that occurred in the Chabagou catchment in 1961 and 1967 were simulated. It is shown that this new model can be applied for simulating processes of rainfall runoff, soil erosion, and sediment transport as well as for estimating water resources in a large river basin.
digital watershed model rainfall runoff soil erosion hyperconcentrated flow Yellow River
J.H. Liu G.Q. Wang
China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing, China State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
国际会议
成都
英文
443-453
2007-05-17（万方平台首次上网日期，不代表论文的发表时间）