The aim of this study was to investigate the potential use of incinerated meat and bone meal (MBM) residue for the remediation of acid minewater. Bone apatite incinerated at 725℃ and 800℃ was tested and compared with mineral apatite (rock phosphate). Preliminary leaching column experiments were set np with synthetic acid minewater containing 2200mg/L (Fe), 1600mg/L(Al) and 550mg/L(Mn). Pore water was sampled periodically in the columns to monitor the removal of metals. Desorption test with 0.01M NaNO <,3> was conducted on metal loaded materials at the end of leaching experiments to test the potential bioavailability of metals retained in columns. Batch experiments were set up to test the solubility of apatite from incinerated bone as compared to raw bone, rock phosphate and synthetic hydroxyapatite. Incinerated MBM was found to have a sufficient metal removal capacity to De considered for remediation of acid minewater heavily contaminated with Pe, Al and Mn and it performed better than rock apatite in the removal of Fe and Mn. The material incinerated at 800℃ outperformed the one at 725℃ although the solubility of the former was slightly lower compared with the 725℃ one. Further batch and column tests are undertaken to elucidate the mechanism of metal removal by incinerated bone, to test for the removal of other metals such as Cu, Pb, Zn and Cd and metalloid As and to understand what factors influence the better performance of bone incinerated at 800℃.
acid minewater bone apatite leaching columns metal immobilisation
A. Dybowska E. Valsami-Jones S. E. Etok MJ Collins T. Wess D. A. C. Manning P. L. Younger S. L. Woodgate
Department of Mineralogy, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, United Kingdom Bio-Arc (Archaeology), University of York, PO Box 373, York YO10 5YW, UK Biophysics Group, School of Optometry and Vision Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3NB, UK School of Civil Engineering & Geosciences, University of Newcastle upon Tyne. Newcastle upon Tyne NE PDM Group c/o Beacons Research. Kelmarsh Road, Clipston, Leicestershire LE16 9RX, UK