Recent Development of Flood Risk Management in the Rhine Delta and Coastal Zone in the Netherlands
After the flooding disaster of storm surge in 1953 and the flood of Rhine in 1995, large-scale dike construction and reinforcement were carried out along the coast and Rhine River in the Netherlands. The safety standard of flood protection has been raised from 1/1,250 in eastern Netherlands to 1/4,000 and eventually 1/10,000 along the coast. Whereas with the uncertainty of climate change in the future, the discussions on The Netherlands flood control strategy were intensified and extended in long term consideration. Recent estimates of the change in the discharge regime of the Rhine River forecast an increase in the so-called design discharge from 15,000m3/s in the 1990s towards 16,800 (minimum scenario) to 18,0003/s (maximum scenario) by 2100. Additionally, in the downstream deltaic area, sea level rise may hamper the discharge. For The Netherlands, sea level rise is currently estimated as between 0.2 and 1.1m above present. Finally, in deltas and alluvial plains both shrinkage and oxidation of extensive peat layers cause the subsidence of large areas. Traditional measures such as dike heightening and strengthening are efficient in flood protection, but with social developments in the future, more claims will probably be made on space for functions other than safety against inundation, such as the landscape, the environment, ecology, inhabitation, industry, etc. Because of this, traditional dike strengthening will come up against greater social objections. This calls for a change of strategy in flood risk management of both integrated river management and spatial planning in coastal zone.
recent development flood risk management Rhine Delta coastal zone
Huang Bo Ma Guangzhou
Shandong Yellow River Reconnaissance, Design and Research Institute, Jinan, 250108, China Yellow River Conservancy Press, Zhengzhou, 450003, China
国际会议
山东东营
英文
327-338
2007-10-16（万方平台首次上网日期，不代表论文的发表时间）