Bio-Inspired and Bio-Mimetic Devices and Systems for Computer Communication with the Human Brain
Man-made computing/ networking systems have become universal in their operation; however, there exists another information system which is more powerful, more efficient, and mole vastly intra-connected. It is the human brain. Establishing a brain-computer interface (BCD) and allowing information exchange between these two information systems will likely be one of the most exciting scientific adventures in the 21st century. It will effectively advance the frontier of information technology and re-shape peoples life. Our group has been investigating brain-computer signal communication problems for over three decades. These problems include understanding signals produced by the brain, such as EEG and MEG, stimulation to the brain during both normal and disease states, establishment of a communication channel to allow information exchange both into and out of the brain, and treatment of diseases that impair normal brain function. In this talk, we will provide an overview of our research with emphasis on three bio-inspired and bio-mimetic studies. The first study, which was jointly conducted in collaboration between the University of Pittsburgh and Zhenzhou University of Light Industry, involves a design of new scalp electrode that acquires signals from brain. It was inspired from the sophisticated structure in the legs of certain insects which have extraordinary grasping power on smooth or textured surface. This new electrode can be applied to the hair zone of the scalp rapidly in seconds, suitable for clinical EEG and brain-computer interface applications. The second study focuses on transmitting both information and power to implanted electronic devices within the brain. We were inspired by certain aquatic creatures, including the electric fish, which navigate and kill prey using electric currents within a volume conductor. Since the human body is also a volume conductor, we designed a new system that mimics the electric organs of these creatures. The new system is able to not only pass information wirelessly through tissue, but may also provide energy to recharge brain implants. The third bio-inspired study deals with robotic surgery controlled by a remotely located surgeon. We utilize a biological gaze model of the human eye to design an efficient video data transmission system. As a result, surgery can be performed through the Internet with the minimal delay in communication between the robot and surgeon.
Robert J. Sclabassi Mingui Sun
Center for Clinical Neurophysiology Department of Neurosurgery Suite B-400, PUH, University of Pittsburgh, USA
国际会议
郑州
英文
5
2007-09-14（万方平台首次上网日期，不代表论文的发表时间）