Integration of Upstream and Downstream Heavy Oil and Bitumen Processing Facilities
Efficiency and effectiveness of heavy oil/bitumen processing can be improved by integrating and closely-coupling upstream and downstream facilities. Waste streams from the upgrading process can be used as fuel to generate steam and power for upstream reservoir steam stimulation, reducing or eliminating the need to purchase natural gas for steam generation. Integration of upgrading and production provides an opportunity to use the residual by- product material from the upgrading process, such as pitch or coke, as a fuel for a gasification complex or as fuel to specialized boilers. With gasification, there is the opportunity to produce syngas, hydrogen (H<,2>) and power to satisfy the needs of the integrated complex. The type of upgrading facility depends on the target product markets. Upgrading intensity can range from minimal field upgrading for Oil viscosity reduction, all the way to full upgrading to either synthetic crude and/or finished products. There is potential for produced naphtha to be collected and used in the upstream facilities, or blended with heavy oil production to reduce viscosity for pipeline requirements. If export power production is desirable, power can be generated from gasification with syngas as a fuel for cogenerating production steam and power. This power can be used in both upstream and downstream facilities, with potential for export to an external power market. Balancing upstream, downstream and export needs provides opportunities for energy optimization and waste heat minimization. This can be achieved by integrating heat sources and sinks between upstream and downstream facilities. Common utilities, off sites and infrastructure can be shared by upstream and downstream facilities providing potential cost savings. Integration of the downstream products with the needs of the upstream provides opportunities for making better use of the produced barrel. Using low valued byproducts for fuel, coupled with the ability to produce suitable diluents, provides flexibility in producing the fuel needed for production and matching the types of upgraded products attractive to the markets. Coupling a field upgrader with a heavy oil production facility provides integration and energy advantages. In addition, the facility can act as a diluent supplier to the local market and potentially provide merchant upgrading for other heavy oil producers.
M.E. DOIG G.W. BRUCE
Jacobs Canada Inc. Jacobs Consultancy
国际会议
首届世界重油大会(The Technical Sessions of the First World Heavy Oil Conference)
北京
英文
673-682
2006-11-12（万方平台首次上网日期，不代表论文的发表时间）