Catalytic Decomposition of Bio-methane to Hydrogen And Carbon Nanofibers
The hybrid process consisting of a methane fermentation process and a catalytic direct methane decomposition process to produce both hydrogen and a carbon material can make the reduction of atmospheric carbon dioxide effectively. Since methane separated from a biogas generally contains small amount of carbon dioxide, there are fears of catalyst poisoning. Therefore, the effect of carbon dioxide of 1-10vol％ on the catalytic activity of nickel and iron catalysts for the direct methane decomposition was investigated. When this reaction was carried out using pure methane at 700℃, the methane conversion rapidly decreased with time on stream. However, methane containing 1-5vol％ carbon dioxide was used for the reaction over Ni/Al<,2>O<,3>, the methane conversion became much higher compared to that in the direct methane decomposition using pure methane. Over Fe/Al<,2>O<,3>, 1vol％ of carbon dioxide mixed in methane feed greatly increased the methane conversion and kept it much higher level for a long time. The activity enhancement effect of carbon dioxide was ascribed to the reaction with excess carbon species that blocked the surface of catalysts and the recovery of fresh surface for the production of desired carbon materials such as carbon nanofibers. The physicochemical properties of the carbon materials were also studied and it was found that as- prepared carbon nanofibers could be applied to an electromagnetic wave shielding material.
catalyst methane hydrogen carbon nanofibers electromagnetic wave shielding
A. Tada N. Okazaki Y. Togo K. Koseki J. Hirai S. Nakamura S. Ono
Department of Applied and Environmental Chemistry, Kitami Institute of Technology, Hokkaido, Japan Kajima Technical Research Institute, Kajima Corporation, 2-19-1, Tobitakyu, Chofu, Tokyo, Japan Muroran Research Laboratory, The Japan Steel Works, LTD, 4, Chatsu-machi, Muroran, Hokkaido, Japan
国际会议
2006现代科技国际研讨会(The International Workshop on Modern Science and Technology in 2006)
北京
英文
240-243
2006-04-01（万方平台首次上网日期，不代表论文的发表时间）