Enhancing rapeseed -mustard production in South Asia: problems and strategies
With ever-growing population of South Asia and constantly increasing consumption of fats and oils, the situation would be alarming in next two decades. In the present paper, an effort has been made to examine the production and productivity problems associated with rapeseed-mustard and suggest suitable strategies for enhancing and stabilizing the production and productivity of South Asian counties like, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri-Lanka. This would reduce the huge import of edible oils incurred by South Asian countries, the home to about 400 million people with almost 30％ of them living below the National poverty and make these countries self-reliant.Factors limiting rapeseed-mustard production in this region are vagaries of weather; degraded soils; low investment capacity of farmers; non availability of quality seed; lack of: region specific, high yielding nutritionally superior and resistant/tolerant varieties to biotic and abiotic stresses, inappropriate soil and water management practices, slow pace of technology dissemination,etc.The research strategic plan should be weaved around the exploitation of impressively large number of germplasm for developing highly productive high harvest index varieties, capable of resisting the diseases/pests/frost/drought, etc. Raising the yield ceiling through synthesis of artificial alloploidls in juncea, napus and carinata; cytoplasmic hybridisation; reshuffling of chloroplast and mitochondrial genomes; exploitation of hybrid vigour, development of suitable ideotypes for different agro-ecologies and evolving nutritionally superior genotypes. All out efforts should be made for quick multiplication of quality seeds of newly developed varieties, their distribution and popularisation. Effective management of natural resources, integrated approach to plant, water, nutrient, pest and disease management should be ensured.In addition to the traditional areas, non-traditional areas should also be given full attention for extending rapeseed-mustard cultivation in newer areas under different cropping systems. A large potential exists especially in paddy growing regions where suitable technology for growing mustard after paddy need to be evolved. Preliminary trials conducted in rice belt with mustard as paira crop in India, have given encouraging results. Intensification of researches to develop early maturing varieties and low input production and protection technologies, is urgently required.
Brassica oilseed production South Asia constraints strategies
P.R.Kumar Arvind Kumar
203, DDA SFS Flats, Sector 3, Pocket-2, Dwarka, New Delhi 110075, India National Research Centre on Rapeseed-Mustard (ICAR), Bharatpur 321303 (Raj.) India
国际会议
第十二届国际油菜大会( The 12th International Rapeseed Congress)
武汉
英文
915-917
2007-03-26（万方平台首次上网日期，不代表论文的发表时间）