CHOOSING SECONDARY WORKING FLUID FOR TWO COMMON TYPES OF INDIRECT SYSTEM APPLICATIONS
Secondary working fluids (secondary refrigerants, heat transfer fluids) are used for a variety of indirect refrigeration applications, such as cooling of products in commercial refrigeration, ice rinks, heat recovery systems and heat pumps. An ideal secondary working fluid should possess good thermo-physical properties, giving sufficient freezing protection, being able to transport the refrigeration capacity through pipes or tubes, give good heat transfer and give small pressure drop for the system fluid flow. When deciding which secondary working fluid to be used in a plant one must ensure that the fluid is compatible with materials used in the system so that it does not give cause to any problems due to corrosion. Attention should be given to environmental impact, toxicity, flammability, handling security as well as life cycle cost. No secondary working fluid is ideal for all applications and we should look for the best one for each type. Information and safety sheets for the fluids should be examined carefully with respect to these aspects. The paper will compare three types of secondary working fluids for a domestic bedrock heat pump and a few fluid types for a supermarket cooling application. The influence of additive concentration and freezing point of the aqueous solutions is seen by having two or three freezing points in the same comparison. A discussion will in the paper mainly be made of the thermo-physical properties that influence these two types of application.
(A).MELINDER
Dept.of Energy Technology School of Industrial Engineering and Management Royal Institute of Technology, KTH S-10044 Stockholm, Sweden
国际会议
The 22nd International Congress of Refrigeration(第22届国际制冷大会)
北京
英文
2007-08-21（万方平台首次上网日期，不代表论文的发表时间）