Overlay Housing Phenomenon in Historical Town:Case Study of Wiang Kum Kam, Chiang Mai, Thailand
Overlay housing upon the historical town is one of major issue in conservation work.The problem will be expanded more seriously when the historical town was replaced or invaded before starting of conservation work.To solve this problem, it is needed to study in case by case and must be done base on its environment and culture.The main aim of this research is to study the overlay housing problems of Wiang Kum Kam historical town which effect to conservation task.Wiang Kum Kam is located in Chiang Mai province, the north region of Thailand.The old town was built around 1292~1296 AD or about 700 years ago.It was established as a first capital of Northern-Thai region and was flourished until the 16~ century.After 1558 AD, the old town was conquered by Myanmar and collapsed under the great flood during the Myanmar colonial period.Wiang Kum Kam was abandoned more than 200 years.At the present, buildings and city”s component; temples and city wall have still remained, some were covered underground but houses were destroyed completely.Since the town was lost from history, Wiang Kum Kam was replaced with a new community, named Chang Kam village.Low-rise housings” project were built overlay on historical site and some were built upon a basement of the temples without knowledge about history itself by a new group of people.Consequently,there are 43 monuments, spread on about 13.63 square kilometres which are mingled between residential area and agricultural field.Due to the growth of Chiang Mai, residential area is growth and expanded from the centre.Wiang Kum Kam which located only about 5 kilometers in southward from the city is going to be a popular site of a new residential area.According to aerial photo, housing project in Wiang Kum Kam has expanded from 20 percents to 70 percents within 30 years.Wiang Kum Kam is faced too many problems which were affected from rapid urbanization and limited improvement of conservation work.The main problems consist of monumental invading, land use management and infrastructure problem.Therefore, the research is started and aimed to study for solving these problems.The research is carried out with Meta-design method that is related to study of urban design planning and conservation management.Survey,measuring, architectural evaluation and questionnaire are done in the process of study.Finally, a master plan design guidelines as a cultural heritage site is proposed.Thirty years planning is the result of this research.
Wiang Kum Kam Ancient capital of Chiang Mai Overlay housing Meta design Master plan
Charnnarong Srisuwan
Faculty of Architecture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
国内会议
香港
英文
622-629
2011-07-08（万方平台首次上网日期，不代表论文的发表时间）