Abundant and Stable Char Residues in Soils:Implications for Soil Fertility and Carbon Sequestration

摘要：

　　Large-scale soil application of biochar may enhance soil fertility,increasing crop production,while also sequestering atmospheric carbon.But reaching these outcomes requires an understanding of the relationships among biochar structure,stability,and contribution to soil fertility.Using advanced solid-state 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy,we show that the char residues in Terra Preta soils are composed of~5 fused aromatic rings substituted by COO groups that significantly increase the soils cation-exchange capacity and thus the retention of plant nutrients.We also show that in highly productive,grassland-derived U.S.soils,char generated by pre-settlement fires is structurally comparable to that of the Terra Preta soils.These oxidized char residues represent a particularly stable,abundant,and fertility-enhancing form of soil organic matter.

关键词： Terra Preta Biochar NMR Soil organic matter Carbon sequestration Soil fertility

作者: J.D.Mao R.L.Johnson J.Lehmann D.C.Olk E.G.Neves M.L.Thompson K.Schmidt-Rohr

作者单位: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry,Old Dominion University,Norfolk,VA 23529,USA Department of Chemistry,Iowa State University,Ames IA 50011,USA Department of Crop and Soil Sciences,Comell University,Ithaca,New York 14853,USA USDA-ARS,National Laboratory for Agriculture and the Environment,Ames IA 50011,USA Museu de Arqueolo Etnologia,Universidade de Sao Paulo,Sao Paulo,SP,05508-900 Brazil Department of Agronomy,Iowa State University,Ames IA 50011,USA

会议类型: 国际会议

会议名称: the 16th Meeting of the International Humic Substances Society (第十六届国际腐殖物质学会大会(IHSS 16))

会议地点: 杭州

会议语种:英文

页码: 268-270

在线出版日期: 2012-09-09（万方平台首次上网日期，不代表论文的发表时间）