ON THE STRUCTURAL INTEGRITY OF BIOLOGICAL MATERIALS:BONE AND TEETH ——ABSTRACT
The age-related deterioration of both the fracture properties and the architecture of “hard mineralized tissue, such as bone, coupled with increased life expectancy, are responsible for increasing incidences of bone fracture in the elderly segment of the population. In order to facilitate the development of effective treatments that counter this elevation of the fracture risk, an understanding of the mechanisms underlying the structural integrity of bone and in particular how fracture properties degrade with age has become essential. In this talk, the origins of the toughness of human cortical bone (and dentin, a primary constituent of teeth and simple analog of bone) are examined by considering the salient micro-mechanisms of failure over a broad range of characteristic dimensions from molecular to macroscopic length-scales. It is argued that although structure at the nanoscale is important, it is microstructural features at the scale of one to hundreds of microns that are most important in determining fracture risk. It is further shown that biological aging, disease states, and certain therapeutic treatments, e.g., steroids, can cause deterioration in “bone quality which markedly raises this fracture risk, principally by affecting the toughening mechanisms over a broad range of dimensions.
Robert O. Ritchie
Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, and Chair, Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of California, Berkeley
国际会议
第九届工程结构完整性国际会议(The Ninth International Conference on Engineering Structural Integrity Assessment)
北京
英文
2007-10-15（万方平台首次上网日期，不代表论文的发表时间）